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3.
Int. j. med. surg. sci. (Print) ; 8(2): 1-7, jun. 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1284463

ABSTRACT

El hematoma subdural crónico (HSC) es una patología neuroquirúrgica frecuente, que se reconoce como consecuencia de traumatismos craneoencefálicos de poca magnitud que habitualmente se diagnostican en pacientes seniles, aunque puede presentarse en pacientes jóvenes y sin antecedentes de traumas.El objetivo que persigue este trabajo es la presentación de una paciente con un HSC bilateral, con características poco usuales.Caso clínico: se presenta una paciente del sexo femenino, de 46 años de edad, sin antecedente de traumatismo craneal ni de otra patología concomitante, que consulta por una cefalea de 15 días de evolución. El examen físico constató midriasis, pupila de Hutchinson, papiledema bilateral y exoforia del ojo derecho, parálisis del tercer par craneal y ataxia de tronco, fue catalogada con Glasgow 13. Se realizó tratamiento anti edema cerebral temprano y las manifestaciones desaparecieron en gran medida. En la Tomografía axial computarizada se diagnosticó un hematoma subdural frontotemporal bilateral con desplazamiento de las estructuras de la línea media a la izquierda. Fue operada de urgencia y dada de alta completamente recuperada tres días después.Conclusión: el HSC puede presentarse con distintas formas clínicas, simulando procesos expansivos tumorales, ataques cerebrovasculares, demencias o entidades neurológicas de otra índole. El manejo del caso por clínicos y neurocirujanos fue rápido y efectivo, lo que explica que la paciente tuvo una recuperación temprana y total. En estos casos la actuación médica es decisiva en el éxito del tratamiento.


Chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) is a common neurosurgical pathology that is recognized as a consequence of minor head injuries that are usually diagnosed in senile patients, although it can occur in young patients without a history of trauma.The objective of this work is the presentation of a patient with a bilateral CSH, with unusual characteristics.Clinical case: a 46-year-old female patient with no history of head trauma or other concomitant pathology is presented, who consulted for a 15-day-old headache. Physical examination confirmed mydriasis, Hutchinson's pupil, bilateral papilledema and exophoria of the right eye, third cranial nerve palsy, and trunk ataxia. She was cataloged with Glasgow 13. Early anti-cerebral edema treatment was performed and the manifestations largely disappeared. A computed tomography scan diagnosed a bilateral fronto temporal subdural hematoma with displacement of the midline structures to the left. She underwent emergency surgery and was discharged completely recovered three days later. Conclusion: HSC can present with different clinical forms, simulating expansive tumor processes, cerebrovascular attacks, dementias or neurological entities of another nature. The case management by clinicians and neurosurgeons was quick and effective, which explains that the patient had an early and complete recovery. In these cases, medical action is decisive in the success of the treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/diagnostic imaging , Craniocerebral Trauma/complications , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/surgery , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/etiology
4.
Rev. medica electron ; 43(3): 844-854, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1289822

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN En muchas ocasiones, los pacientes con tumores cerebrales tienen una variedad de síntomas psiquiátricos inespecíficos. Algunos de estos pueden constituir la primera o única manifestación del tumor, sin la presencia de ningún síntoma o signo neurológico. El diagnóstico ha de basarse en la anamnesis completa y en la exploración neurológica; la neuroimagen confirmará el diagnóstico clínico. Con el presente trabajo se describió la asociación inusual de hematoma subdural crónico y meningioma parasagital en un caso presentado. Se trató de un paciente de 68 años con antecedentes de esquizofrenia. Acudió a consulta con una hemiparesia izquierda. Se le realizó una tomografía axial computarizada de cráneo y arrojó un hematoma subdural crónico y un meningioma parasagital derecho. Se le aplicó tratamiento quirúrgico en dos tiempos operatorios. Su evolución posquirúrgica transcurrió sin complicaciones (AU).


ABSTRACT In many cases, patients with brain tumors have a variety of nonspecific psychiatric symptoms. Some of them can be the first or the only manifestation of the tumor, without presenting any neurological signs or symptoms. The diagnosis must be based on the complete anamnesis and on the neurological examination. The neuroimaging will confirm the clinical diagnosis. The unusual association of a chronic subdural hematoma and a parasagittal meningioma was described in a case presented in the current work. It dealt with a patient, aged 68 years with antecedents of schizophrenia. He assisted the consultation with left hemiparesis. A skull computed tomography showed a chronic subdural hematoma and a right parasagittal meningioma. He underwent a two-steps surgery. His post-surgery evolution ran without complications (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/diagnosis , Meningioma/diagnosis , Paresis/diagnosis , Schizophrenia/pathology , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/surgery , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/therapy , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/epidemiology , Meningioma/surgery , Meningioma/therapy , Meningioma/epidemiology , Neoplasms/diagnosis
5.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 50(2): e940, 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1341434

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El hematoma subdural crónico es una de las entidades clínicas más comunes en la práctica neuroquirúrgica diaria, cuya incidencia y prevalencia aumentan considerablemente con la edad. El tratamiento conservador puede ser muy útil en algunos casos. Objetivo: Mostrar que el manejo farmacológico exclusivo de este padecimiento, puede ser considerado en muchos pacientes. Casos clínicos: Se presentan dos pacientes adultos mayores, atendidos en el servicio de Neurocirugía, con diagnóstico de hematoma subdural crónico, tratados solo con fármacos. Conclusiones: Como resultado final, se logró la reabsorción de las colecciones subdurales, lo cual se comprobó mediante estudios imagenológicos(AU)


Introduction: Chronic subdural hematoma is one of the most common clinical entities in everyday neurosurgical practice, which incidence and prevalence increase considerably with age. Conservative treatment can be very useful in many patients. Objective: To show that the exclusive pharmacological management of this condition can be considered in many patients. Clinical cases: Two elderly patients attended at the neurosurgery service are presented with a diagnosis of chronic subdural hematoma. They were treated only with drugs. Conclusions: The final result was the reabsorption of the subdural collections, which was proven by imaging studies(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged, 80 and over , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic , Conservative Treatment , International Cooperation , Neurosurgery
6.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 40(2): 167-173, 15/06/2021.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362229

ABSTRACT

Introduction Cerebral metastases are the most common cancer of the central nervous system (CNS). Meningeal infiltration by neoplasms that did not originate in the CNS is a rare fact that is present in 0.02% of the autopsies. Epidemiologically, the radiological presentation mimicking a subdural hematoma is even more uncommon. We report a case of meningeal carcinomatosis by an adenocarcinoma of the prostate mimicking a chronic subdural hematoma. Case Report A 60-year-old male patient was diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2011. He underwent radical resection of the prostate, as well as adjuvant hormonal therapy and chemotherapy. Five years later, the patient presented peripheral facial paralysis that evolved with vomiting and mental confusion. Tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans confirmed the subdural collection. At surgery, the dura was infiltrated by friable material of difficult hemostasis. The anatomicopathological examination showed atypical epithelial cells. The immunohistochemistry was positive for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and other keymarkers, and it was conclusive for meningeal carcinomatosis by a prostate adenocarcinoma.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prostatic Neoplasms/complications , Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/therapy , Neoplasm Metastasis/therapy , Prostate/surgery , Prostate/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/complications , Adenocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/complications
7.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(1): 131-135, Jan.-Feb. 2020. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1088937

ABSTRACT

A ten-month-old male Yorkshire terrier dog was evaluated via CT four months after traumatic brain injury. The head CT scan showed dilated ventricles associated with a peripheral crescent-shaped collection of blood near the right parietal bone with a mineralized area. The visceral layer of the hematoma was hyperattenuating on the native scan and showed moderate contrast enhancement after administration of intravenous iodinated contrast medium. No fractures were identified in the calvarium. These findings were compatible with acute-on-chronic calcified subdural hematoma, which have been described with more detail in humans. This is the first report to include the description of the imaging findings related to this condition using computed tomography in a dog.(AU)


Um cão Yorkshire Terrier, de 10 meses de idade, foi avaliado por tomografia computadorizada, quatro meses após lesão encefálica de origem traumática. A tomografia da cabeça demonstrou dilatação dos ventrículos associada com coleção de sangue periférico, em formato crescente, próxima ao osso parietal direito, com uma área mineralizada interna. A camada visceral do hematoma era hiperatenuante no exame pré-contraste e demonstrou moderado aumento de atenuação radiográfica após a administração de contraste iodado intravenoso. Fraturas no calvário não foram identificadas. Esses achados foram compatíveis com agudização de hematoma subdural crônico calcificado, condição que tem sido descrita com mais detalhes em humanos. Este é o primeiro relato que descreve os achados de imagem, por tomografia computadorizada, em um cão, relacionados a essa condição.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Hematoma, Subdural, Acute/veterinary , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/veterinary , Craniocerebral Trauma/veterinary , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary
8.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 38(4): 315-318, 15/12/2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362501

ABSTRACT

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a form of progressive intracranial hemorrhage, typically associated with cases of trauma. The manifestation of this comorbidity with abducens palsy is a rare finding. The present work aims to describe the case of an adult patient with abducens nerve palsy as a manifestation of CSDH. Chronic subdural hematoma is most commonly found in elderly patients, with systemic hypertension as amanifestation. The relation with the sixth cranial nerve is unusual and draws attention to the case reported. In addition, the prognosis is positive, since trepanation and drainage surgery was performed, as it is recommended in the literature.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/surgery , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/diagnostic imaging , Abducens Nerve Diseases/diagnosis , Trephining/methods , Brain Injuries, Traumatic
9.
Rev. argent. neurocir ; 33(3): 175-175, sep. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1177398

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las complicaciones intracraneanas de la otomastoiditis crónica supurada (OMCS) se ven cada vez con menor frecuencia gracias al diagnóstico precoz, acceso a imagenología y uso de antibióticos. La asociación de una OMCS con empiema extradural y hematoma subdural crónico es extremadamente infrecuente y y reportar un caso clinico es el objetivo de este reporte. Caso clínico: Paciente de 28 años, con historia de trauma craneano dos meses antes del ingreso. Consultó por otorrea fétida derecha de 45 días de evolución. Un mes previo a la consulta instala tumoración fluctuante en planos superficiales de región temporoparietal derecha que aumenta de tamaño y se hace dolorosa. Examen neurológico normal. Se realiza tomografía de cráneo que evidencia colección extradural y subdural, asociada a otomastoiditis. Se intervino en conjunto con ORL para evacuación del proceso supurado intracraneano y mastoidectomía, encontrándose en el intraoperatorio que la colección subdural no era infecciosa (empiema), sino que era un hematoma subdural crónico. La evolución fue buena siendo dado de alta asintomático. Reportamos esta asociación lesional muy poco frecuente, cuyo diagnóstico preoperatorio hubiera hecho variar la táctica neuroquirúrgica. Se discuten los hechos clínicos e imagenológicos que podrían haber llevado al diagnóstico correcto.


Introduction: Intracranial complications of chronic suppurative otomastoiditis (OMCS) are seen less and less frequently seen thanks to early diagnosis, access to imaging and access to antibiotics. The association of an OMCS with extradural empyema and chronic subdural hematoma is extremely infrequent. We report a clincal case of OMCS associated with a chronic subdural haematoma. Clinical case: A 28-year-old patient with a history of cranial trauma two months before admission, who consulted for a 46-day history of fetid otorrhea. One month prior to the consultation, he detected a fluctuating tumor in superficial planes of the right temporoparietal region that increased and became painful. He has a normal neurological examination. We performed a cranial CT and we detected an extradural and subdural collection, associated with otomastoiditis. A surgical intervention with a combined team was performed (Othologist and neurosurgeons). The aim of the surgery to evacuate the intracranial process and mastoidectomy. In the intraoperative period, we discovered that the subdural collection was not infectious but a chronic subdural hematoma. The evolution was good being discharged asymptomatic. We report a very rare association (OMCS with chronic subdural haematoma), whose preoperative diagnosis would have changed the neurosurgical tactic. Clinical and imaging facts that could have led to the correct diagnosis are discussed.


Subject(s)
Otitis Media, Suppurative , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic , Empyema
10.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(6): 834-838, June 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1012976

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES: To identify recurrence and its potential predisposing factors in a series of 595 patients with an initial diagnosis of Chronic Subdural Hematoma (CSDH) who underwent surgical treatment at a Reference Hospital of São Paulo. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study, in which the medical records of all patients with a CSDH diagnosis submitted to surgical treatment from 2000 to 2014 were analyzed. RESULTS: The final study population consisted of 500 patients with a diagnosis of CSDH (95 patients with a diagnosis of Cystic Hygroma were excluded), of which 27 patients presented recurrence of the disease (5.4%). There were no statistically significant differences in relapses when cases were stratified by gender, laterality of the first episode or surgical procedure performed in the first episode (trepanning vs. craniotomy). It was possible to demonstrate an age-related protective factor, analyzed as a continuous variable, regarding the recurrence of the CSDH, with a lower rate of recurrence the higher the age. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that, among possible factors associated with recurrence, only age presented a protective factor with statistical significance. The fact that no significant difference between the patients submitted to trepanning or craniotomy was found favors the preferential use of burr-hole surgery as a procedure of choice due to its fast and less complex execution.


RESUMO OBJETIVOS: Identificar a taxa de recidiva e seus potenciais fatores predisponentes em série de 595 pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico inicial de hematoma subdural crônico (HSDCr) submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico em hospital terciário de São Paulo nos últimos 14 anos. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo descritivo, no qual foram analisados os prontuários de todos os pacientes com diagnóstico de HSDCr submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico, no período de 2000 a 2014. RESULTADOS: A amostra final consistiu em 500 pacientes com diagnóstico de HSDCr — foram excluídos 95 pacientes com diagnóstico de higroma cístico —, dos quais 27 sujeitos apresentaram recidiva do quadro (5,4%). Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas recidivas quando os casos foram estratificados por gênero, lateralidade do primeiro episódio ou procedimento cirúrgico executado no primeiro episódio (trepanação vs. craniotomia). Foi possível demonstrar um fator protetor relacionado à idade, analisado como variável contínua, no que diz respeito à recidiva do HSDCr, com menor taxa de recidiva com o avançar desta CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados indicam que, dentre os fatores possivelmente associados à recidiva, apenas a idade se apresentou como fator protetor com significância estatística. O fato de não ser demonstrada diferença significativa entre os pacientes submetidos a tratamentos cirúrgicos por trepanação ou por craniotomia favorece o uso preferencial da trepanação como procedimento de escolha, em virtude de apresentar execução rápida e menos complexa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/etiology , Recurrence , Logistic Models , Sex Factors , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Treatment Outcome , Craniotomy , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/surgery , Middle Aged
11.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 38(2): 79-85, 15/06/2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362586

ABSTRACT

Introduction Chronic subdural hematoma (CSH) is one of the most frequent forms of intracranial hemorrhage. It is a collection of encapsulated, well-delimited fluid and/or coagulated blood in several clotting stages located between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater. Objective To describe the epidemiological aspects of CSH described in the database of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym) regarding admission numbers, hospitalization expenses, health care professional expenses, mortality rate, and death numbers by region from 2008 to the first half of 2016. Methods The present work was performed between August and September 2016 with a review about the epidemiological aspects of CSH in Brazil according to the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) database, encompassing the period from January 2008 to June 2016, and to scientific papers from the past 10 years which were electronically published at the PubMed, Scielo, and LILACS databases. Results From 2008 to the first half of 2016, the total values were the following: hospital admission authorizations (HAAs). 33,878; hospital expenses, BRL 65,909,429.22; health care professional expenses, BRL 25,158,683.21; deaths, 2,758; and mortality rates ranging from 6.47 to 12.63%. Conclusion In spite of the high clinical relevance of CSH, epidemiological studies about this condition are limited. As such, the present paper is an updated approach on CSH, focusing on its epidemiological aspects according to the DATASUS database.


Subject(s)
Brazil/epidemiology , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/surgery , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/economics , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/epidemiology , Unified Health System , Data Interpretation, Statistical
12.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 38(1): 56-59, 15/03/2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1362661

ABSTRACT

The Kernohan-Woltman notch phenomenon is a paradoxical neurological manifestation consisting of a motor deficit ipsilateral to a primary brain injury. It has been observed in patients with brain tumors and with supratentorial hematomas. It is considered a false localizing neurological sign. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan has been the test of choice. The recognition of this phenomenon is important to prevent a surgical procedure on the opposite side of the lesion. The present case report describes a case of chronic subdural hematoma with a probable finding of the Kernohan-Woltman phenomenon, and it discusses its pathophysiology, imaging findings, treatment, and prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Paresis/complications , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/physiopathology , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/therapy , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/diagnostic imaging , Cerebral Peduncle/injuries , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications
13.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1122242

ABSTRACT

El tratamiento de elección para la evacuación de hematoma subdural crónico es la evacuación mediante orificio de trépano. Las complicaciones más frecuentes son recurrencia, neumoencefalo, convulsiones, hemorragia intracraneal y en otros sitios. La hemorragia del tronco cerebral secundaria a la cirugía es extremadamente rara. Aquí presentamos un paciente masculino de 72 años, que ingresa con GSC 9/15, hemiparesia izquierda 2/5. Con HSD crónico bilateral con desplazamiento de línea media de 1.5 cm. hacia izq. Al cual se realiza evacuación de HSD derecho. Y en el POP se detecta GSC 12/15, lado izquierdo fuerza 5/5, con hemiparesia derecha a predominio braquial. TC control POP: adecuada evacuación de HSD y lesión hiperdensa protuberancial. Es externado al 6to día POP con GSC 14/15 sin déficit motor. Este reporte, además de abordar la bibliografía actual y fisiopatología; agrega otro caso para reafirmar la posibilidad de pronóstico favorable en ésta patología


ABSTRACT The treatment of choice for the evacuation of chronic subdural hematoma is evacuation through a trepan orifice. The most frequent complications are recurrence, re-accumulation of the hematoma, pneumoencephalus, seizures, intracranial hemorrhage and elsewhere. Brainstem hemorrhage secondary to surgery is extremely rare. Here we present a 72-year-old male patient, admitted with GSC 9/15, left hemiparesis 2/5. Without obeying orders. With bilateral chronic HSD with midline displacement of 1.5 cm. to left; to which evacuation of right HSD is performed. And in the POP GSC 12/15 is detected, left side force 5/5, with right hemiparesis to brachial predominance. POP control CT: adequate evacuation of HSD and hyperdense pontine lesion. It is extership to the 6th day POP with GSC 14/15 without motor deficit. This report, besides addressing the current bibliography and physiopathology; adds another case to reaffirm the possibility of favorable prognosis in this pathology


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Cerebral Hemorrhage, Traumatic/diagnostic imaging , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic/surgery , Hemorrhage/pathology , Seizures/complications , Brain Stem/pathology , Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic/diagnostic imaging , Intracranial Hemorrhages/complications
14.
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association ; : 214-215, 2019.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-766758

ABSTRACT

No abstract available.


Subject(s)
Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic
15.
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society ; : 144-152, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-788768

ABSTRACT

Treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is relatively straightforward, however, there is still some debate regarding the best strategy for treatment. The most practical recommendations of up to date were identified by a review of literature. The author reviewed the literature on CSDH management from the past to now to identify the best methods. Till 1970s, craniotomy was the most commonly used method. Burr hole (BH) became the most preferred method from 1980s. In 1977, twist drill (TD) craniostomy was introduced. Closed system drainage after a BH or a TD became the most frequently used surgical method. Although nonsurgical treatment is often successful, trephination has more advantages, such as rapid resolution of the symptoms and short period of hospitalization. Nonsurgical treatment is possible in asymptomatic patients with a small CSDH. For the symptomatic patients with CSDH, trephination is the treatment of choice, either by BH or TD. In gray zone between surgery and medical treatment, shared decision making can be an ideal approach. For the recurrent CSDHs, repeated trephination is still effective for patients with a low risk of recurrence. If the risk of recurrence is high, additional management would be helpful. For the refractory CSDHs, it is necessary to obliterate the subdural space.


Subject(s)
Humans , Craniocerebral Trauma , Craniotomy , Decision Making , Drainage , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic , Hospitalization , Methods , Recurrence , Subdural Space , Trephining
16.
Brain Tumor Research and Treatment ; : 39-43, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-739667

ABSTRACT

Meningeal dissemination (MDS) of glioblastoma is rare, although its incidence might have been underestimated. MDS of glioblastoma has a fatal course. Thus, rapid and precise diagnosis of MDS is important for further palliative treatment. Unfortunately, MDS of glioblastoma could be diagnosed at a delayed time, causing failure to treat patient optimally. Herein, we present a case of a 56-year-old male with MDS of glioblastoma mimicking chronic subdural hemorrhage (CSDH) after head trauma due to slip down. During treatment for CSDH, MDS of glioblastoma was not controlled appropriately. The patient succumbed to MDS of glioblastoma at 9 weeks after the date of diagnosis of CSDH which could be an MDS.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Craniocerebral Trauma , Diagnosis , Glioblastoma , Gliosarcoma , Hematoma, Subdural , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic , Incidence , Mortality , Palliative Care
17.
Korean Journal of Neurotrauma ; : 103-109, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-760002

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The principle operation of acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is a craniotomy with hematoma removal, but a trephination with hematoma evacuation may be another method in selected cases. Trephine drainage was performed for ASDH patients in subacute stage using urokinase (UK) instillation, and its results were evaluated. METHODS: Between January 2016 and December 2018, the trephine evacuation using UK was performed in 9 patients. The interval between injury and operation was from 1 to 2 weeks. We underwent a burr hole trephination with drainage initially, and waited until the flow of liquefied hematoma stopped, then instilled UK for the purpose of clot liquefaction. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 71.6 years (range, 38–90 years). The cause of ASDH was trauma in 8 cases, and supposed a complication of anticoagulant medication in 1 case. Four out of 8 patients took antiplatelet medications and one of them was a chronic alcoholism. The range of the Glasgow Coma Scale score before surgery was from 13 to 15. Most of patients, main symptom was headache at admission. The Glasgow Outcome Scale score was 5 in 8 cases and 3 in 1 case. CONCLUSION: It is thought to be a useful operation method in selected patients with ASDH that the subdural drainage in subacute stage with UK instillation. This method might be another useful option for the patients with good mental state regardless of age and the patients with a risk of bleeding due to antithrombotic medications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Alcoholism , Craniotomy , Drainage , Glasgow Coma Scale , Glasgow Outcome Scale , Headache , Hematoma , Hematoma, Subdural, Acute , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic , Hemorrhage , Methods , Trephining , Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator
18.
Korean Journal of Neurotrauma ; : 110-116, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-760001

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Chronic subdural hematoma drainage is one of the most common procedures performed in neurosurgical practice. Not only burr hole drainage but also small craniotomy (diameter 3–5 cm) is frequently used neurosurgical treatment of chronic subdural hematomas. We assessed to compare the postoperative recurrence rates between burr hole drainage versus small craniotomy with closed-system drainage for chronic subdural hematomas. METHODS: From January 2016 to December 2018, 75 patients who were treated with burr hole drainage and small craniotomy with closed system drainage for the symptomatic chronic subdural hematoma were enrolled. Pre and postoperative computed tomography (CT) were used for radiologic evaluation. The choice of procedure was decided by preoperative CT images. RESULTS: 60 patients out of 75 patients underwent burr hole drainage, whereas 15 patients underwent small craniotomy. The overall postoperative recurrence rate was 16%. The recurrence occurred in 8 patients out of 60 patients in burr hole drainage group (13.3%) and 7 patients out of 15 patients in small craniotomy group (46.7%). The number of days of hospitalization was 10.3 days in burr hole drainage group and 15.7 days in small craniotomy group. CONCLUSION: Burr hole drainage would be sufficient to evacuate chronic subdural hematoma with lower recurrence rate, but small craniotomy was also needed in some cases such as hematoma has solid portion or multiple septum.


Subject(s)
Humans , Craniotomy , Drainage , Hematoma , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic , Hospitalization , Recurrence , Trephining
19.
Korean Journal of Neurotrauma ; : 159-163, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-759995

ABSTRACT

It is well known that the presence of arachnoid cysts (ACs) in young patients is a risk factor for developing a chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) after a minor head injury. Although there have been controversies with the treatment, most authors recommend only draining the CSDH if the AC is asymptomatic. This judgement is based on the facts that this surgical approach has shown good clinical outcomes, and the AC usually remains unchanged after the surgery. Our case demonstrates that the AC of a young patient who developed a CSDH after a minor head injury completely disappeared after a burr hole drainage of the CSDH. Although the chances of an AC disappearing are low, this case shows that an AC might disappear after only draining a CSDH when a rupture of the AC membrane is identified. In such cases, we recommend first draining only the CSDH for the treatment of AC-associated CSDHs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Arachnoid Cysts , Arachnoid , Craniocerebral Trauma , Drainage , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic , Membranes , Risk Factors , Rupture
20.
Korean Journal of Neurotrauma ; : 170-175, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-759993

ABSTRACT

We report 3 cases of arachnoid cysts (ACs) that completely disappeared after burr hole drainage, without cyst fenestration into the subarachnoid space or cystoperitoneal shunt. The first patient was a 21-year-old female with an AC of the right cerebral convexity, found incidentally. After endoscopic AC fenestration was performed, the patient complained of persistent headache. Two-month postoperative brain imaging revealed reaccumulated AC and associated multi-stage subdural hematoma. Burr hole drainage was performed to resolve the chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). Three months later, brain computed tomography showed that the CSDH and the AC had disappeared. The second patient was an 11-year-old male who had a history of trauma 1 month prior to presentation at the clinic. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed an AC in the left sylvian fissure with CSDH. We performed burr hole drainage to treat the CSDH first. Subsequently, the AC as well as the CSDH disappeared. The third case was an AC of the right parietal convexity, found incidentally. Only burr hole drainage was performed, following which, the AC disappeared. This case series shows that an AC can disappear naturally after rupture into the subdural space by trauma or the burr hole procedure.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Arachnoid Cysts , Arachnoid , Brain , Drainage , Headache , Hematoma, Subdural , Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neuroimaging , Rabeprazole , Rupture , Subarachnoid Space , Subdural Space , Trephining
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